Matatu akajairika matambudziko ehunyanzvi mukudhaya uye kupedza

Comprehensive matanho
Matanho ekurapa chaiwo:
1. 100% naoh3% inoshandiswa kumucheka wegrey usati wadhayiwa.Surface inoshanda detergent l%.Mushure mekurapa pa 130 ℃ kwemaminetsi makumi matanhatu, chiyero chekugeza chiri 1:10 ~ 1:15.Iyo pretreatment nzira ine imwe erosion athari papolyester fiber, asi inobatsira kwazvo kubvisa oligomers.Iyo "Aurora" inogona kuderedzwa kune machira epolyester filament, uye chiitiko chepiritsi chinogona kuvandudzwa kwepakati uye mapfupi fiber.
2. Kudzora tembiricha yekudhaya iri pasi pe120 ℃ uye kushandisa nzira yakakodzera yekutakura dhayi inogona kuderedza kugadzirwa kwemaoligomers uye kuwana kudzika kwakafanana kwedhayi.
3. Kuwedzera dispersive inodzivirira colloid additives panguva yekudhaya haigone chete kuburitsa leveling effect, asiwo kudzivirira oligomer kubva kunaya pajira.
4. Mushure mekudhaya, mushonga wedhayi uchakurumidza kubudiswa kubva pamushini pakupisa kwepamusoro kwemaminetsi mashanu.Nekuti maoligomers akagovaniswa zvakaenzana mumushonga wedhayi patembiricha ye100-120 ℃, kana tembiricha iri pasi pe100 ℃, zviri nyore kuunganidza nekunaya pane zvigadzirwa zvakadhayiwa.Zvisinei, mamwe machira anorema ari nyore kugadzira makwinya.
5. Kudhaya pasi pemamiriro e-alkaline kunogona kuderedza kuumbwa kweoligomers uye kubvisa mafuta akasara pamucheka.Zvisinei, madhayi akakodzera kudhayiwa pasi pemamiriro ealkaline anofanira kusarudzwa.
6. Mushure mekudhaya, geza neajenti yekuderedza, wedzera 32.5% (380be) NaOH 3-5ml / L, sodium sulfate 3-4g / L, gadzirisa pa 70 ℃ kwe30min, wogeza kutonhora, kupisa uye kutonhora, uye neutralize neacetic. acid.

Zveshinda chena hupfu
1. Nzira yakakwana ndiyo nzira yemvura yakakwirira-yekupisa.
Semuenzaniso, kuvhura vheji yekudonhedza pakarepo mushure mekupisa kwe130 ° C kwapera (120 ° C yakanaka, asi haigone kuve yakaderera, nekuti 120 ° C ndiyo inoshandura girazi repolyester).
● Kunyange zvakadaro, zvinoita sezviri nyore.Muchokwadi, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha idambudziko rakanyanya kuoma rekuchengetedza: ruzha uye mechini vibration panguva yekupisa-kupisa kwemvura inoyerera inoshamisa, muchina wekuchembera uri nyore kupaza kana kusunungura screws, uye michina yekudhiza dhayi muchina. ichaputika (special attention).
● Kana iwe uchida kugadzirisa, zviri nani uende kufekitari yekutanga yemichina kuti ugadzire kugadzirisa.Haugoni kutora hupenyu hwemunhu sechinhu chidiki.
● Kune marudzi maviri enzira dzemafambisirwo emvura: madhiraini kuenda kutangi remvura uye madhiraini kuenda kumhepo.
● Nyatsoteerera kumusana wekutsvaira shure mushure mekubuda (iyo ine ruzivo rwekugadzira dhayi cylinder inogadzira kambani inonyatsoziva).
● Kuyerera kwekushisa kwakanyanya kune mukana wekupfupisa kudhaya, asi kwakaomera mafekitari asingakwanise kuberekana zvakanaka.

2. Kune mafekitori asingakwanise kuburitsa mvura pakupisa kwakanyanya, oligomer detergent inogona kushandiswa kutsiva detergent muchirongwa chekuchenesa chekudzikisa, asi mhedzisiro yacho haisi 100%
● geza silinda nguva nenguva mushure mekudhaya, uye geza silinda kamwe chete mushure memasirinda mashanu epakati nepakati nemavara.
● Kana paine guruva chena rakawanda pamushini wezvino unoyerera wedhayi, chinhu chekutanga ndechekugeza cylinder.

Vamwewo vanofunga kuti munyu wakachipa
Vamwe vanhu vanofungawo kuti mutengo wemunyu wakachipa, uye munyu unogona kushandiswa pachinzvimbo cheYuanming poda.Nekudaro, zviri nani kudhaya mavara akareruka ne sodium hydroxide pane nemunyu, uye zviri nani kudhaya mavara akasviba nemunyu.Chero chipi zvacho chakakodzera chinofanira kuongororwa isati yashandiswa.

6. Ukama pakati peyero ye sodium hydroxide nemunyu
Hukama huri pakati pehuwandu hwe sodium hydroxide uye huwandu hwemunyu hwakaita seizvi:
6 zvikamu anhydrous Na2SO4 = 5 zvikamu NaCl
12 zvikamu zve hydrate Na2SO4 · 10h20 = 5 zvikamu zveNaCl
Reference materials: 1. Hurukuro pamusoro pekudzivirira kudhaya mavara uye mavara epolyester akarukwa machira naChen Hai, Zhu Minmin, Lu Yong naLiu Yongsheng 2. Kubatsira kwepolyester shinda chena poda dambudziko neSe Lang.

Zvinokonzera uye mhinduro dzemaruva ane mavara
Kare, WeChat yakanyatsotaura nezvedambudziko rekutsanya, iro raive rakanyanya kubvunzwa mubvunzo weDyers pasina miganhu, nepo dambudziko reruva reruvara raive rechipiri rakabvunzwa mubvunzo pakati pemadhaya asina miganhu: inotevera hurongwa hwakazara hweruvara maruva, kutanga, zvikonzero, chechipiri, mhinduro, uye chechitatu, ruzivo rwakakodzera.

Kubatanidzwa, zvikonzero ndezvi:
1. Magadzirirwo ekugadzirisa uye matambudziko ekushanda:
Kusanzwisisika kwekugadzirisa maitiro kana kushanda kusina kunaka kunobudisa maruva eruvara;
Maitiro asina musoro (akadai sekukurumidza kupisa kukwira nekudonha)
Kusashanda zvakanaka, knotting panguva yekudhaya uye kutadza simba panguva yekudhaya;
Kunyanya kukurumidza kupisa kunokwira uye kusakwana kubata nguva;
Mvura yekutsvaira haina kuchena, uye pH kukosha kwejira rejira haina kuenzana;
Iyo mafuta slurry yemucheka embryonic yakakura uye haina kubviswa zvachose mushure mekutsvaira;
Uniformity yepretreatment cloth surface.

2. Matambudziko emidziyo
Kukundikana kwemidziyo
Semuyenzaniso, mutsauko wetembiricha muchoto chemuchina wekumisa kupisa mushure mekudhaya polyester nedhayi dzakapararira zviri nyore kuburitsa mutsauko weruvara uye maruva eruvara, uye kusakwana kwekupomba kwemushini wekudhaya tambo zvakare nyore kugadzira maruva eruvara.
Iyo yekudhaya simba yakakura uye yakarebesa;
Muchina wekudhaya unomhanya zvishoma nezvishoma;Murume akadhayiwa haana miganhu
Iyo yekutenderera sisitimu yakavharwa, kuyerera kunonoka kunonoka, uye muromo hauna kukodzera.

3. Raw materials
Uniformity ye fiber raw materials uye machira ekugadzira.

4. Matambudziko edhayi
Madhayi ari nyore kuunganidza, kunyungudika kwakashata, kusapindirana zvakanaka, uye anonyanyonzwa tembiricha nepH, zviri nyore kugadzira maruva eruvara uye kusiyana kwemavara.Semuenzaniso, reactive turquoise KN-R iri nyore kugadzira maruva eruvara.
Zvikonzero zvekudhaya zvinosanganisira kusamira zvakanaka kwedhayi, kutama kwedhayi panguva yekudhayiwa uye kutsvinda kwakanyanya kwedhayi.

5. Matambudziko emhando yemvura
Hunhu husina kunaka hwemvura hunokonzera kusanganiswa kwedhayi nesimbi ions kana kuunganidzwa kwedhayi netsvina, zvichikonzera kutumbuka kwemavara, ruvara rwakareruka uye pasina sampuli.
Kugadziriswa kusina kunaka kwepH kukosha kwekudhaya kugeza.

6. Matambudziko ebetsero
Kurongeka kusina kunaka kwezvinowedzera;Pakati pevabatsiri, iwo anobatsira ane hukama neruvara rweruvara anonyanya zvinosanganisira penetrant, leveling agent, chelating dispersant, pH value control agent, nezvimwe.
Mhinduro dzemavara akasiyana-siyana nemaruva
Maruva asina kubikwa anogadzirwa maruva ane mavara.
Kusaenzana kwekutsvaira uye kubviswa kusina kuenzana kwetsvina pajira kunoita kuti mwando wekunyura kwechikamu chemucheka usiyane, zvichikonzera maruva eruvara.

Zviyero
1. Mishonga yekubatsira ichaiswa muhuwandu mumabheti, uye vatsigiri vachazadzwa zvakakwana.Mhedzisiro yejekiseni rehydrogen peroxide pa60-70 madhigirii iri nani.
2. Kubika nguva yekuchengetedza kupisa inofanira kunge yakanyatsoenderana nezvinodiwa.
3. Kuchengetedzwa kwekupisa kuchaenderera mberi kwenguva yakati rebei yekuputira jira rakafa.
Iyo yekutsvaira yemvura tsvina haina kujeka, uye jira re embryo rakasvibiswa nealkali, zvichiita maruva ane mavara.

Zviyero
Mushure mekugeza mvura, kureva, mushure me10% glacial acetic acid inosanganiswa neasara alkali, gezazve mvura kuti uite jira pamusoro ph7-7.5.
Okisijeni yakasara pamucheka wejira haina kucheneswa mushure mekubika.

Zviyero
Parizvino, mazhinji acho akaomeswa neanobatsira deaerator.Mumaitiro akajairwa, glacial acetic acid inoiswa jekiseni rakawanda kwemaminetsi mashanu, tembiricha inosimudzwa kusvika 50 ° C kwemaminetsi mashanu, deaerator inobayiwa yakawanda nemvura yakachena, tembiricha inochengetwa kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu, uye sampu yemvura inotorwa kuyera oksijeni.
Zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvisina kuenzana uye kusakwana kwedhayi kunyungudika kunoita kuti ruvara rukure.

Zviyero
Kutanga simbisa mumvura inotonhora, wozonyunguduka mumvura inodziya.Gadzirisa kupisa kwemakemikari maererano nedhayi zvinhu.Kupisa kwekemikari kwemadhayi akajairwa haafanire kudarika 60 ° C. madhayi akakosha anofanirwa kutonhodzwa, senge brilliant blue br_ v. Akaparadzana makemikari zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa, izvo zvinofanirwa kubvongodzwa zvizere, diluted uye kusefa.

Iyo yekuwedzera kukurumidza kwedhayi inokurudzira (sodium hydroxide kana munyu) inokurumidza.

Mhedzisiro
Kunyanya kukurumidza kuchaita kuti dhayi vasimudzire pamusoro petambo semucheka, ine zvakasiyana-siyana, zvichiita kuti vasimudzire dhayi vakasiyana pamusoro uye mukati, uye kugadzira maruva eruvara.

Zviyero
1. Dhayi ichawedzerwa mumabheti, uye imwe neimwe yekuwedzera ichave inononoka uye yakafanana.
2. Iyo batch yekuwedzera inofanira kunge iri shoma pane yekutanga uye kupfuura kechipiri.Iyo nguva pakati pekuwedzera kwega kwega ndeye 10-15 maminetsi kuita dhayi yekusimudzira yunifomu.
Ruvara rwekugadzirisa agent (alkali agent) inowedzerwa nekukasira uye yakawandisa, zvichikonzera kutumbuka kwemavara.

Zviyero
1. Iyo yakajairwa inodonha alkali ichaiswa jekiseni katatu, nemusimboti wekutanga zvishoma uye zvakanyanya gare gare.Chekutanga chipimo che1% 10. Chechipiri chipimo che 3% 10. Chekupedzisira chipimo che 6% gumi.
2. Yese yekuwedzera ichave inononoka uye yakafanana.
3. Tembiricha yekukwira haifanire kunge ichimhanya zvakanyanya.Musiyano uri pamusoro pemucheka wetambo uchakonzera mutsauko muyero yekunyudza kwemavara uye ruvara ruchave nemaruva.Nyatsodzora mwero wekudziya (1-2 ℃ / min) uye gadzirisa vhoriyamu yeutsi pamativi ese.
Muyero wekugezera wakanyanya kudiki, zvichiita kuti pave nemusiyano weruvara uye ruva reruvara.
Iye zvino mafekitari mazhinji ari air cylinder dyeing equipment,
Matanho: tenzi huwandu hwemvura zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemaitiro.

Sipo inogeza ruvara rweruva.
Mvura yekugeza mushure mekudhayiwa haina kujeka, pH yemukati yakakwira panguva yesipo, uye tembiricha inokwira nekukurumidza kuti ibudise maruva ane mavara.Mushure mekunge tembiricha yakwira kusvika kune yakatarwa tembiricha, ichachengetwa kwenguva yakati.

Matanho:
Mvura yekugezesa yakachena uye haina kucheneswa neasidi sipo mumamwe mafekitori.Inofanirwa kumhanyiswa mumushini wekudhaya kweanenge maminetsi gumi, uye ipapo tembiricha inofanira kusimudzwa.Kana yakanakira mavara akajeka akadai segungwa rebhuruu uye ruvara rwebhuruu, edza kuyedza pH usati waisa sipo.

Ehe, nekubuda kwemasipo matsva, kune yakaderera - sipo tembiricha pamusika, inova imwe nyaya.
Mvura yekugeza mubhati yekudhaya haina kujeka, inokonzera maruva eruvara uye mavara.
Mushure mesipo, mvura yakasara haina kushambidzwa zvakajeka, izvo zvinoita kuti kusanganiswa kwemvura yakasara yemuvara pamusoro uye mukati memucheka wakasiyana, uye inogadziriswa pamucheka kuti iite maruva emaruva panguva yekuoma.

Matanho:
Mushure mekudhaya, geza nemvura yakakwana kubvisa ruvara rwakayangarara.
Musiyano weruvara (cylinder musiyano, mitsetse musiyano) unokonzerwa nekuwedzera kwemavara.
1. Zvikonzero zvekusiyana kwemavara
A. Kukurumidza kudya kwakasiyana.Kana huwandu hwekusimudzirwa kwedhayi hudiki, huchakanganisa kana hwawedzerwa kakawanda.Semuenzaniso, kana yakawedzerwa munguva imwe chete, nguva ipfupi, uye kusimudzirwa kwedhayi hakuna kukwana, zvichiita kuti ruvara ruve nemaruva.
B. Kusaenzana kukwesha kumativi ose ekudya, zvichiita kuti pave nemusiyano wemitsetse, sekusviba kune rimwe divi uye kushomeka kwechiedza kune rimwe divi.
C. Kubata nguva
D. Kusiyana kwemavara kunokonzerwa nenzira dzakasiyana dzekucheka kwemavara.Zvinodiwa: cheka sampuli uye mechi mavara nenzira imwecheteyo.
Semuenzaniso, mushure memazuva makumi maviri ekuchengetedza kupisa, sampuli dzinochekwa kuti dzifananidze ruvara, uye dhigirii yekugeza mushure mekucheka yakasiyana.
E. Musiyano weruvara unokonzerwa nereshiyo dzakasiyana dzekugezera.Diki bhati reshiyo: kudzika kwemavara hombe yekugezera ratio: ruvara mwenje
F. Chiyero chemashure ekurapwa chakasiyana.Mushure mekurapa kwakakwana, kubvisa ruvara rwakayangarara rwakakwana, uye ruvara rwakareruka kupfuura rusina kukwana mushure mekurapa.
G. Pane musiyano wetembiricha pakati pemativi maviri nepakati, zvichiita kuti pave nemusiyano wemitsetse
Kuwedzera kwemavara kunofanirwa kunonoka, angangoita maminetsi makumi maviri ejekiseni rehuwandu, uye 30-40 maminetsi eruvara rwakaoma.

2. Kudyisa uye kutsvaga ruvara.
1) Chiedza chemavara mamiriro:
A. Chekutanga, tarisa chepakutanga muitiro prescription uye kuyera dhayi maererano dhigirii ruvara musiyano uye uremu jira.
B. Muvara wekudzingirira dhayi unofanirwa kunyungudutswa zvakakwana, kuderedzwa uye kushandiswa mushure mekusefa.
C. Kutsvaga kwemavara kunoenderana nekudyisa pasi pekushisa kwemazuva ose, uye kudya kunononoka uye yunifomu, kuitira kudzivirira kushanda kuti kurege kukurumidza uye kukonzera ruvara zvakare.
2) Mamiriro ekudzika kwemavara
A. Simbisa sipo uye yakakwana mushure mekurapwa.
B. Wedzera Na2CO3 nokuda kwekushomeka kwemavara.
Izvo zviri pamusoro apa muunganidzwa wakakwana we "dyers", "dyers isina miganhu", uye network ruzivo, uye inounganidzwa nemadhaya asina miganhu.Ndapota ratidza kana ukaidhinda zvakare.
3. Kutsanya kwemavara
Maererano ne dyebbs Maererano nehuwandu hwe.Com, kutsanya ndiwo mubvunzo unowanzo bvunzwa pakati pemibvunzo yese yekudhaya.Kudhaya kukurumidza kunoda mhando yepamusoro yemachira akadhayiwa uye akadhindwa.Hunhu kana dhigirii rekudhaya mamiriro akasiyana anogona kuratidzwa nekudhaya nekukurumidza.Iyo ine hukama nemhando yeshinda, chimiro chejira, kudhinda uye dhayi nzira, dhayi mhando uye simba rekunze.Zvido zvakasiyana zvekumhanya kwemavara zvinokonzeresa misiyano yakakura mumutengo uye mhando.
1. Nhanhatu huru textile fastness
1. Kutsanya kuchiedza chezuva
Kutsanya kwezuva kunoreva mwero wekushanduka kwemavara emachira ane mavara nechiedza chezuva.Iyo nzira yekuyedza inogona kuve kubuda kwezuva kana kuvhenekwa nemushini wezuva.Chiyero chinopera chemuenzaniso mushure mekusangana nechiedza chezuva chinofananidzwa neyakajairwa ruvara sampu, iyo yakakamurwa kuita 8 mazinga, 8 mazinga ndiwo akanakisa uye 1 nhanho ndiyo yakaipisisa.Micheka isina kusimba kwezuva haifanirwe kuvhenekwa nezuva kwenguva yakareba, uye inofanira kuiswa panzvimbo inofefetera kuti iome mumumvuri.
2. Kukwiza fastness
Rubbing fastness inoreva chiyero chekurasika kwemavara emachira akadhayiwa mushure mekukwesha, ayo anogona kupatsanurwa kuita kwakaoma nekukwesha.Kutsanya kwekukwesha kunoongororwa zvichibva padanho rekusvibisa rejira jena, iro rakakamurwa kuita mazinga mashanu (1-5).Iyo yakakura kukosha, zviri nani kukwesha nekukurumidza.Upenyu hwebasa remachira ane urombo hwekurasa kukurumidza kunogumira.
3. Washing fastness
Kugeza mvura kana kuti sipo imhanyisiro zvinoreva kushanduka kweruvara kwejira rakadhayiwa mushure mekugeza nemvura yekuwachisa.Kazhinji, grey giredhi remuenzaniso kadhi rinoshandiswa seyeyedzo chiyero, kureva kuti, mutsauko weruvara pakati peyekutanga sampuli uye sampuli mushure mekudzima inoshandiswa kuongororwa.Washing fastness yakakamurwa kuita 5 grade, grade 5 ndiyo yakanakisisa uye grade 1 ndiyo yakaipisisa.Micheka isina kushambidzika yekushambidzika inofanira kucheneswa yakaoma.Kana kucheneswa kwemvura kuchiitwa, kutariswa kaviri kunofanira kubhadharwa kumamiriro ekugeza, zvakadai sekushisa kwekugeza hakufaniri kunge kwakanyanyisa uye nguva yekugeza haifaniri kunge yakareba.
4. Iron fastness
Ironing fastness inoreva kushanduka kwemavara kana kupera kwemachira akadhayiwa panguva yekuaina.Chiyero chekusvibiswa uye kupera kunoongororwa nekusvibiswa kwesimbi pane mamwe machira panguva imwe chete.Ironing fastness yakakamurwa kuita giredhi 1-5, giredhi 5 ndiro rakanakisa uye giredhi 1 ndiro rakaipisisa.Paunenge uchiyedza ironing fastness yemachira akasiyana, tembiricha yesimbi inofanira kusarudzwa.
5. Kubuda ziya
Dikita (Perspiness fastness) zvinoreva kushanduka kwemavara emachira akadhayiwa mushure mekunge atota mudikita.Kumhanya kwedikita kunowanzo kuedzwa musanganiswa nehumwe kukurumidza kwemavara mukuwedzera kune yakaparadzana kuyerwa nekuti zvinhu zvekugadzira dikita zvakasiyana.Kukurumidza kudikitira kwakakamurwa kuita 1-5 mamakisi, uye iyo yakakura kukosha, zviri nani.
6. Sublimation fastness
Sublimation fastness inoreva chiyero che sublimation yemachira akadhayiwa panguva yekuchengetedza.Iyo dhigirii rekuchinja kweruvara, kupera uye kuchena kwejira kusvibiswa kwejira mushure mekuoma kupisa-kudzvanya kurapwa kunoongororwa negrey giredhi sampuli kadhi ye sublimation kukurumidza.Yakakamurwa kuita giredhi 5, giredhi 1 richive rakaipisisa uye giredhi 5 richive rakanakisa.Iko kukurumidza kudhaya kwemachira akajairwa kunowanzo kudiwa kuti usvike giredhi 3-4 kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekupfeka.
2. Nzira yekudzora kutsanya kwakasiyana-siyana
Mushure mekudhayiwa, kugona kwejira kuchengetedza ruvara rwayo rwekutanga kunogona kuratidzwa nekuyedza kukurumidza kwemavara akasiyana.Zvinowanzo shandiswa zviratidzo zvekuyedza kukurumidza kudhaya zvinosanganisira kukurumidza kugeza, kukwesha kukurumidza, kukurumidza kwezuva, sublimation kukurumidza uye zvichingodaro.
Izvo zviri nani kukurumidza kugeza, kukwesha kukurumidza, kukurumidza kwezuva uye sublimation kukurumidza kwejira, zviri nani kudhaya kukurumidza kwejira.
Zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kutsanya kuri pamusoro zvinosanganisira zvinhu zviviri:
Chokutanga ndechekuita kwedhayi
Chechipiri ndiko kuumbwa kwekudhaya uye kupedzisa nzira
Kusarudzwa kwedhayi nekuita kwakanakisa ndiyo hwaro hwekuvandudza kukurumidza kwedhayi, uye kuumbwa kwemavara anonzwisisika uye kupedzisa nzira ndiyo kiyi yekusimbisa kukurumidza kwedhayi.Izvo zviviri zvinowirirana uye hazvigone kuregeredzwa.

Washing fastness
Iko kukurumidza kushambidzika kwemachira kunosanganisira kukurumidza kwemavara kusvika pakupera uye kukurumidza kwemavara kune kusvibiswa.Kazhinji, iyo yakanyanya kushanya kwemavara emachira, kunowedzera kutsanya kwemavara kune kusviba.Paunenge uchiyedza kukurumidza kwemavara emucheka, kukurumidza kweruvara rwefiber kunogona kutariswa nekuyedza kukurumidza kweruvara rwefiber kune matanhatu anowanzo shandiswa machira machira (aya matanhatu anowanzo shandiswa machira machira anowanzo sanganisira polyester, naironi, donje, acetate, mvere, silika, uye acrylic).

Mayedzo ekumhanya kwemavara emhando nhanhatu dzefiber anowanzo kuitwa nekambani yakazvimiririra yekuongorora inyanzvi ine hunhu, inova ine chinangwa uye yakanaka.)